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100			_aLever, John _946390
245			_aHalal meat and religious slaughter: From spatial concealment to social controversy – Breaching the boundaries of the permissible?
260			_bsage, _c2019.
300			_aVol 37, Issue 5, 2019 ( 889-907 p.)
520			_aAcross the secular West, the slaughter of animals for food has become an almost clandestine activity. Very occasionally however, when slaughter comes into view, social and political controversy emerges. In this paper, I examine two such episodes in England and the controversies subsequently engendered: the controversy over kosher meat and the Jewish method of slaughter (shechita) in the 19th century, and the contemporary controversy over halal meat and the Muslim method of slaughter (dhabiha). These controversies are complex and double-edged in that, not only do they involve food, which often invokes anxieties about what is being ingested and what moral boundaries are being crossed, they also involve religion. Both episodes are also linked to periods of rapid migration into the UK, and to concerns about integration and the threats posed to British values and national identity by the food practices of outsiders. However, while concern over kosher meat production and Jewish migrants in the 19th century was largely concealed within the spatial boundaries of Jewish communities, from the late 20th century onwards halal meat has become increasingly visible in line with the demographic expansion of the Muslim population out of racialized community spaces. It is in this context, I contend, in line with a new and emerging geography of religious food practice, that halal meat has breached the boundaries of the permissible to challenge the ‘civilized’ values underpinning the hegemonic food discourse.
650			_aAnimal welfare, _937335
650			_aanimal slaughter, _937335
650			_acivilizing process, _946391
650			_a halal and kosher meat, _946392
650			_a hegemonic food discourse, _946393
650			_amigration, _946394
650			_aoutsiders, _946395
650			_a stunning _946396
773	0		_08872 _915873 _dLondon Pion Ltd. 2010 _tEnvironment and planning C: _x1472-3425
856			_uhttps://doi.org/10.1177/2399654418813267
942			_2ddc _cART