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100			_aKeenan, Kevin Patrick _946178
245			_aCreating spaces of public insecurity in times of terror: The implications of code/space for urban vulnerability analyses
260			_bSage, _c2019.
300			_aVol 37, Issue 1, 2019 (81-101 p.)
520			_aFrom data leaks of sensitive information to the degrading or halting of complete systems upon which integral societal process rely, there are daily reminders of the precariousness of networked institutions. This form of vulnerability extends beyond services to also threaten foundational values, such as privacy, movement, and free speech. Yet, given the awareness of vulnerability to cyber disruption, little is known about how massive cyber failures might disrupt the lives of ordinary people at a micro-scale. Because technology is imbued in everyday life, and people use internet systems in bundled, complex ways to accomplish a myriad of unknown activities, a complicated web of cyber-vulnerability likely exists. Thus, the goal of this paper is to explore one dimension of this vulnerability as it pertains to public security. Terrorism is predicted to remain an urban phenomenon, and terrorists are increasingly exploiting cyber-systems. The aims of terrorism to disrupt democratic systems are perfectly achieved by cyber disruption, and this paper explores how those goals were facilitated during the Boston Marathon Bombing in 2013. By drawing on interviews with public safety officials and ordinary people who relied on the internet and linked technology during that emergency, I demonstrate the complex ways that cyber-systems limited the effectiveness of public security in times of terror. The results suggest a rethinking of the social amplification of risk paradigm that dominates in risk hazards research as well as several policy interventions in security communication and information dissemination, population management during crisis, and resilience.
650			_aTerrorism, _939548
650			_acyber-vulnerability, _946179
650			_a vulnerability analysis, _942300
650			_asocial media, _946180
650			_a internet _946181
773	0		_08872 _915873 _dLondon Pion Ltd. 2010 _tEnvironment and planning C: _x1472-3425
856			_uhttps://doi.org/10.1177/2399654418776660
942			_2ddc _cART